Special Curves: Lobe Pumps

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Special Curves: Lobe Pumps

B: ORBITING GEAR center

Epicycloid and Hypocycloid Curves to design a Lobe Pump.

You can design Lobe Pump rotors by combining Epicycloid and Hypocycloid Curves.

Control the number of Lobes with the ratio of gear teeth in the Gear-Pair. Two and three lobes are common.

Lobe Pumps are sometimes called Roots Blowers - after the inventor - Roots - and Blower because they were originally designed to pump air.

They are often used to pump liquids with soft solids....for example fruit.


MechDesigner:

You must know how to:

Add 2× Gear-Pairs - one Gear-Pair with an Internal mesh and the other with an External mesh

Add Point-Data FB

Export data from a Graph FB to Excel®

SolidWorks:

You must know how to:

Import a TXT file from Excel as a XYZ Curve File

Convert the Curve to a Sketch and add a circular pattern to Extrude - one Rotor of the Lobe-Pump

Import it to MD, one on each Rotor


We will first add the Gears to see the complete Path.

Then reduce their motion-range and their start-position.

Add Point-Data FBs to measure the XY Coordinates of the External and Internal

We construct one of the Rotors of the Lube-Pump and re-import to

GST-T14-Lobe-A

STEP 1: Add a Gear-Pair #1 - Orbiting External gear.

Add a Part to the end-Point of a Crank.  Add the Gear-Pair #1.

Edit the Gear-Pair, to to enter these values for these parameters:

Mesh = External  

Module  = 1

Gear 1 = 180

Gear 2 = 45

GST-T14-Lobe-B

STEP 2: Add Gear-Pair #2 with an Orbiting Internal gear.

Add a Part to the end-Point of a different Crank.  Add the Gear-Pair #2.

Edit Gear-Pair #2 to enter these values for these parameters:

Mesh = Internal

Module  = 1

Gear 1 = 180

Gear 2 = 45

GST-T14-Lobe-C

STEP 3: Edit the Motion-Dimensions for the 2 x Cranks.

Edit the Motion-Dimension FB of the each Crank. to enter:

Base-Value =0º

Add a Linear-Motion FB

Add wires to connect the output from the Linear-Motion FB to each Motion-Dimension FBs.

GST-T14-Lobe-D

STEP 4: Edit the Geared-Rockers.

 

 

Edit the Geared-Rocker of Gear-Pair # 1 (External Mesh).

Edit the Length of the CAD-Line to equal 22.5mm - its end-Point is on the Pitch-Circle of the Gear.


Edit the Part that is the Geared-Rocker for the Gear-Pair # 2 (Internal Mesh).

Add a Line . Dimension its start-Point = 0,0, and end-Point = -22.5, 0.

The end-Point is 180º out-of-phase with the CAD-Line in the Geared Rocker.

GST-T14-Lobe-E

STEP 5: Add a Trace-Point to the two Geared-Rockers.

The Trace-Point is the basic shape of a Two-Lobe Roots Blower.

The actual shape of each rotor changes from that of the Epicycloid to the Hypocycloid path.

How do we make the shape? It is easier to export the X,Y Coordinates of each section of the Lobe to SolidWorks, and use its sketch tools to construct the shape.

GST-T14-Lobe-F

STEP 5: Add a Gearing FBs

We will rotate each Crank (Driving-Gear) by 0.25 of the total rotation.

Add a Gearing FB. Edit the Gearing-Ratio = 0.25

Connect it to the input of the two Motion-Dimension FB.

Edit the Motion-Dimension FB for the Internal Gear-Pair.

Edit its Base-Value = 90.

The image is of the Trace-Points with the new settings.

GST-T14-Lobe-G

STEP 5: Measure the motion of the 2×Trace-Path

Add 2 × Point-Data FBs

Edit each Point-Data FB, select the Points you selected for the Trace-Point

Add 2 × Graph FBs

Connect the X-axis and Y-axis output-connectors from each Point-Data FB to  Y-axis input-connecters of each Graph FB

Note: the image has one Graph FB with 4 inputs.

GST-T14-Lobe-H

STEP 5: Export the XY motions of each Point to Excel

Edit Machine Settings dialog > No. of Steps = 360

Click the icon at the RIGHT-SIDE of the Graph toolbar.

A list of the graph data, at each Machine Step (see Machine Settings dialog), is to the RIGHT-SIDE of the graphs (below the X and Y-axis Data-Channel selection).

Before

Before

STEP 5: Paste the Data into Excel

You may need to use, in Excel : Data menu > Data Tools group > Text to Columns

 

STEP 10: Re-arrange the Data

A Curve feature needs columns of XYZ in a TXT or SLDCRV file.

C column (which is the Z-data) is set to all Zeros (0).

(This assumes you want the to put the Rotor on the Front-Plane in SolidWorks

Save the File as a TXT file.

Note: I use two(2) Graphs to give two(2) TXT files.

Ready to Save as a TXT file

Ready to Save as a TXT file

GST-T14-Lobe-L

STEP 11: In SOLIDWORKS

Start a new Part. For the

Do Insert menu > Curve > Curve through XYZ Points...

GST-T14-Lobe-M

STEP 12: In SOLIDWORKS

Start a new sketch on the Front-Plane.

Do Convert Entities - and convert the Curve features to a sketch

Do Tools menu > Sketch-Tools > Circular Pattern

- Origin as the Rotational Center

- 2 copies, Equal Spacing, 360

- Entities to Pattern : select the two Splines of the sketch.

GST-T14-Lobe-N

STEP 13: In SOLIDWORKS

Insert menu > Boss/Base - Extrude

Select the Sketch

Extrude by 40mm

GST-T14-Lobe-O

STEP 14: In SolidWorks

Insert menu > Reference Geometry > Coordinate System

This is not really needed as the Part is in the correct position with respect to the XYZ axes.

GST-T14-Lobe-P

STEP 15: In MechDesigner

Edit the CAD-Line of the Rocker/Crank that is at 0º.

Click the CAD-Line dialog > SOLIDWORKS tab > Read CAD-file button.

Click the CAD-Line dialog > SOLIDWORKS tab > Import CAD-file button.

GST-T14-Lobe-Q

STEP 11: In MechDesigner

Add a Crank 180mm. Its center is 180mm from the center of the Crank of the Gear-Pair.

Add a Gearing FB, edit the Gearing Ratio -1. This lobe rotates in the opposite direction.

Import the SOLIDWORKS Part so that it is on this Crank also - see STEP 15

This is the basis for the Lobe Pump.

You can add the casing etc.

Usually Lobe Pumps have a simple 1:1 Gear Pair external to the casing, to drive the Lobe shafts.

You can add the gears if you like.

When you Cycle the model, you can see there is rolling/sliding contact between the Lobes at all points in the machine cycle.

In reality there should be some clearance.

A small clearance prevents the fluid leaking back through the center of the lobes.

Any leaking reduces the Volumetric Efficiency of the Pump.