Tutorial 12.1: Is my kinematic-chains Planar or Spatial?

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Tutorial 12.1: Is my kinematic-chains Planar or Spatial?

Planar and Spatial Kinematic-Chains.

Kinematic-chains that you can represent on one plane are Planar Mechanisms. If you must use more than one Plane, then the mechanism is said to be a Spatial Mechanism.

The examples in this topic help you identify whether the mechanism you want to model is planar or spatial.


Example Planar and Spatial Mechanisms

Concealed Door Hinge

A Six-bar mechanism.

This mechanism allows the door to rotate by 180º and also hide the mechanism within the door frame. There are usually two or three hinges on each door.

All the Parts can be represented on one Mechanism-Plane.

In MechDesigner, it is a Planar mechanism.

Twister

A four-bar mechanism, and a cam.

A Slot-Cam rotates a shaft by 90º. A block on the shaft holds the stem of a vacuum cup, with the stem at 90º to the shaft. The rotating axes are perpendicular to each other.

As the shaft rotates about its axis, the stem of the vacuum cup also rotate about its axis. A Link connects the two rotating axes

In MechDesigner, it is a Spatial mechanism.

Car Boot or Bonnet (Trunk or Hood in USA)

There is a six-bar mechanism at each side of the Boot or Bonnet. (Trunk or Hood).

There is a also spring-damper between two of the Parts in this model. You can model this dyad with an R-P-R dyad. Even though one end of the spring-damper has Rod-End bearing, you can model it as a Pin-Joint.

In MechDesigner, it is a Planar mechanism.

Garage Door

In this model, there is a six-bar planar guidance mechanism at each side of the garage door.

In MechDesigner, it is a Planar mechanism.

Kitchen Cabinet Door Hinge

There is a hinge at the top and bottom of the kitchen cabinet door.

This hinge is a six-bar Planar Mechanism.

In MechDesigner, it is a Planar mechanism.

Simple 'Bell-Cranks', with levers on different Planes

The Follower lever may be offset to the lever that is the 'crank' to the slider.

In MechDesigner, the Follower lever and the crank are modeled with one Part.

In the machine, the two levers are often physically two separate lever, with a part at each end of a shaft.

In MechDesigner, it is a Planar mechanism.