Tutorial 6: Cams: Flat, Barrel, Globoidal, 'Slot'

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Tutorial 6: Cams: Flat, Barrel, Globoidal, 'Slot'

Objective of Tutorials 6

To learn how to model different cam types.

To improve your modeling skills.

Please do tutorials 1,2,3, and 5 before Tutorial 6.

Motions of Cams and Followers

In machines, Cams impart motions to Followers.

Usually, the Cam has a simple motion and the Follower has a more complex motion.

It is possible that the Cam or the Follower is stationary. Also, the Cam and the Follower may both have complex motions.

Packaging Machine with Cams. Courtesy of Lareka NL

Example of cams in a protected enclosure with forced oil feed, typical of a packaging machine.

GST-Icon-Add2DCam 2D-Cams and 3D-Cams

6A1: 2D-Cams – Rotating Cam & Circular Follower

6A2: 2D-Cams – Rotating Cam & Flat-faced Follower

6C : 3D-Cams – Barrel and Globoidal Cams

6D : 2D-Cams – A Stationary Linear 2D-Cam

6E : 2D-Cams – Design of Cams for a Cycloidal Gear Reducer - YouTube Tutorial

6F : 2D-Cams – Design of Cams for a Parallel-Indexer - YouTube Tutorial

Cam Terminology:

Terms :

Definitions

Cam (or Cam-Part) :

The Part to which you add the 2D-Cam to generate the shape of the Cam-Profile.

Cam-Shaft :

 

The most common Cam-Part. It is a rotating-Part (a shaft), to which you add the 2D-Cam (or 3D-Cam) as a Cam-Profile. A Cam-Shaft usually rotates with a constant angular-velocity.

Cam-Profile :

The shape of the 2D-Cam (or 3D-Cam). Its surface is in continuous contact with the Follower-Profile.

Track-Cam or Groove-Cam :

A groove that is cut into a Cam-Blank with an Outer and an Inner Cam-Profile. A Follower-Roller fits in the groove.

Follower (or Follower-Part) :

The Part that supports the Follower-Profile.

Follower Kinematic-Chain

(or Kinematic Mechanism) :

The Follower-Part (and other Parts that you join to the Follower-Part) to move the Tooling, Tool-Part or End-Effector.

Follower-Profile :

The shape of a machine component that is rigidly connected to the Follower-Part. Its surface is in continuous contact with the Cam-Profile.

Follower-Roller :

A Follower-Profile that is cylindrical or barrel-shaped. It is rigidly connected to the Follower-Part.

Flat-faced Follower : 

A Follower-Profile that is a flat surface. It is rigidly connected to, or integrated with, the Follower-Part.

Translating Follower :

A Follower-Part that slides along a straight axis.

Reciprocating Motion :

A Translating Follower with a non-progressive motion.

Rotating Follower :

A Follower-Part that rotates about a fixed axis.

Oscillating Motion :

A Rotating Follower with a non-progressive motion.

Progressive Motion :

A motion, usually followed by a Dwell, that moves the Follower-Part progressively in one direction.

Non-Progressive Motion :

A motion that returns the Follower-Part to its original position after each machine cycle.

Indexing :

A progressive motion, usually rotating.

Indexer :

A device whose input is a constant-speed (usually) Cam-Shaft and output is a rotating-Part with a progressive motion. The input rotates one time to index the output by the Index-Angle one time. The Index-Angle is such that 360º/(Index-Angle) is an integer. The Integer is also termed the Number-of-Stops of the Indexer.

Cam-Blank :

The material from which you cut the shape of the Cam-Profile.