Radial Clearance (mm) Default = 0

To add clearance between the Cam-Follower Roller and the Cam-Profile.

E.G.1: Groove Cam-Type - you need a small clearance to make sure the Cam-Follower bearing does not jam in the Cam-Groove.

E.G. 2: Conjugate-Cam-Type - you may want a small clearance to compensate for tolerances in the cam assembly.

Minimum Radius Warning (%)

IF abs | (CAM ROC / Cam-Roller radius )| ×100 < Min. Radius Warning %

... the Cam-Profile in the graphic-area becomes RED.

This is a warning for you to inspect your Cam for Undercutting. See also Application Settings

Cam Start: - Default = 0 : Cam Range: Default = 360

Use to display the cam for less than 360 of the Machine-Cycle.

E.g.: If Cam rotates N × in one machine-cycle: Cam Start: 0 ; Cam Range : 360 / N

Note 1:

Stud-type Cam-Followers often have a large negative tolerance - e.g. . You may consider it to be enough, or too much clearance for a Groove-Cam!

Note 2:

If you select a Follower Bearings in the Extended Format of this dialog, the diameter of the Circle changes to the outside-diameter of the selected Cam-Follower Bearing

Enter the material properties of the Cam-Follower when you want to calculate Contact-Stress.

Poisson's Ratio (Typical Steel = 0.29)

Elastic Modulus (Typical Steel = 207GPa)

Note:

If you do not calculate the Life of the Cam-Follower and Cam, we assume the Poisson's Ratio and Elastic-Modulus of the Cam are equal to those of the Cam-Follower.

If you do calculate the Cam-Roller Life, you select a Cam-Follower bearing. In that case, we use the Material Properties of the Cam-Follower.

See Cam-Life tab

The Power-Source must be correct to calculate the Contact-Stress, and thus the Cam and Roller Lifetimes.

See Configure the Power Source: to make the 2D-Cam be the Power Source for the Follower.

You can display the :

Additionally, you can also display

Click one of these display options:

See also: Cam-Data FB

Line Thickness of Cam : (default =1)

Edit the thickness of the Cam-Profile in the graphic-area

Cam Profile Color :

Edit the color of the Cam-Profile.

Helpful with more than one Cam-Profile in your model.

Show Roller and Cam Lifetimes  

If you click Show Roller & Cam Lifetimes check-box, the Dialog will become the EXTENDED format with these two tabs:

•Roller Life tab - see Roller Life

•Cam-Life tab - see Cam Life

Show Instant centers : For the kinemagicians

Show END-Caps : use for Slot-Cams only.

End-caps close the Cam with an arc equal to the Radius of the Cam-Roller.

Slot Cams

Without End-Caps

With End-Caps

Cam Display Option:

◉ Cam Profile

Inside and Outside are continuous lines.

Pitch-Centre Path is a dashed line.

◉ Maximum Shear-Stress

Each point around the cam has a unique Maximum Shear-Stress.

Maximum Shear Stress at the contact point

Color of the cam agrees with the color-bar.

Color-bar indicates the scale of the Maximum Shear-Stress.

◉ Contact Force

Contact Force is at the contact point.

 Color of the cam agrees with the color-bar

Color-bar as scale of the Contact Force

◉ Pressure Angle

Pressure Angle is adjacent to the contact point

Color of the cam agrees with the color-bar

Color-bar as scale of the Pressure Angle

See also Pressure Angle

STEP 1: Click the drop-down to select a Cam-Roller Manufacturer

STEP 2: Select a Cam-Roller Bearing

You can also see immediately the Roller L10 Lifetime.

Cam Roller Lifetime

We also present:

Note: Reliability, and Life Factors,

Before you the Calculate Cam Lifetime, you should also enter:

•Dynamic loading safety factor

and, also:

•Allow Pitting

or

•Do Not allow Pitting

Dynamic Loading / Safety Factor

The value for the factor should consider:

•How the Cam-Shaft is driven - from a smooth, constant speed, servo-motor, to single-cylinder diesel engine.

•What the Cam-Follower drives - from a smoothly acting paper tucker, to a forging-press

•The Stiffness, Rigidity, Inertia, Natural-Frequency of the Payload relative to the Speed of the Cam

•The severity of the motion.

Allow Pitting to ~15% of Cam Surface

With Steels and Cast-Irons of Categories 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, and 11 (See  Cam Material below) it is possible that a small amount of pitting will occur and then the pitting will stabilize. This is called non-progressive pitting.

If you allow ~15% pitting, the cam-life is extended.

In mission-critical applications, for example 'manned flight' - you would not allow pitting, of course.

Enter the Hardness as HB, HV, or HRC

STEP 1: Select a Steel Category, Heat-Treatment, and Quality

Steels Categories and Heat-Treatment

There are 14 categories - identically to the ISO 6336-5 Standard for Gears.

1.Normalized, Low-Carbon Wrought-Steelsa - St

2.Normalized, Low-Carbon, Cast-Steelsa   - St(cast)

3.Black Malleable Cast-Iron -  GTS (perl)

4.Nodular Spheroidal Cast-Iron - GGG

5.Grey Cast-Iron - GG

6.Through-Hardened Wrought Carbon-Steelb - V

7.Through-Hardened Wrought Alloy-Steelsb - V

8.Through-Hardened Cast Carbon-Steel - V(cast)

9.Through-Hardened Cast Alloy-Steel - V(cast)

10.Case-Hardened Wrought-Steelsc - Eh

11.Flame or Induction-Hardened Wrought or Cast-Steels (IF)

12.Nitrided Nitriding Wrought-Steelsd - NT(nitr)

13.Through-Hardened Nitrided-Steelb - NV(nitr)

14.Through-Hardened Nitro-Carburized Wrought-Steele - (NV (nitr-car)

Steel Quality

The Steel Quality Standards are

ML -  Modest demands on the material quality and the heat treatment process

MQ - Material Quality and Heat-Treatment standards met by experienced manufacturer.

ME - High degree of reliability of Material Quality and Heat-Treatment process.

The requirements to be met for different steel qualities include: Chemical Analysis, Melting Practice, Surface Crack Detection after machining, Hardness must be measured. Sometimes with a test piece of steel that is manufactured, and heat-treated together with cam - See ISO 3663-5

Other Assumptions

Roughness: Mean peak-to-valley roughness of the Roller and Cam:

Lubricant Viscosity:

Entrainment Velocity :

a - ISO 4948-2 (ISO10020)- Part 2: Classification of unalloyed and alloy steels according to main quality classes and main property or application

b - ISO 683-1 - Heat-treated Steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steel Part 1 - Quenched & tempered unalloyed steels

c - ISO 683-11 - Heat-treated Steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steel Part 11 - Wrought Case Hardening steels

d - ISO 683-10 - Heat-treated Steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steel Part 1 - Quenched & tempered unalloyed steels

e - ISO 683-1, ISO683-10, or ISO 683-11

STEP 2: Enter the Cams' Surface Hardness with the HB, HV, or HRC hardness scale.

The Hardness you enter must be within the Upper and Low Hardness Limits, as specified in ISO 6336-5.

Lower H Limits ≤ HB,HV,HRC ≤ Upper H Limit

When you enter a value with one of the Hardness Scales (HB, HV, or HRC), the other two Hardness Scales update automatically.

Cam Lifetime:

We also present:

Maximum Contact Stress (MPa - mega-Pascals) We calculate the maximum contact stress for cylindrical and barrel shaped Cam-Followers Maximum Dynamic Contact-Stress  - (MPa - mega-Pascals) = Maximum Contact-Stress × Dynamic Loading Safety Factor Allowable Contact Stress This is based on the Selected Material and its Hardness Factor Y (n graph below) = Maximum Dynamic Contact Stress Allowable Contact Stress Each Steel Category has its own Stress-Life Relationship. All Selected Materials: Y < 0.85, Cam-Lifetime >1010 cam rotations. We apply these S-N Curves to each Steel Category. S-N Curves for different Steel Categories (based on ISO 6336)

IMPORTANT:  This data is for Cam-Analysis. and NOT for Cam Manufacture.

For Cam Manufacture, see Cam-Data FB - Coordinates dialog-box

button .

Click to save a CSV file-type with the cam-data for further cam-analysis.

The Cam-Data CSV file includes:

The number of data-points (rows) is equal to the Number-of-Steps in the Machine Settings dialog-Box > Number-of-Steps